Archaeogenetics

See Also

• Haplogroups
• Haplotype
• Y chromosome analysis

Description

In human genetics, Haplogroup E3b (M35) (previously called Hg21) is a Y-chromosome haplogroup with a circum-Mediterranean distribution.

E3b is a branch of haplogroup E. It is believed to have first appeared in Northeast Africa approximately 26,000 years ago and dispersed to the Middle East during the Upper Paleolithic and Mesolithic periods. From there, it traveled west with the expansion of Neolithic agriculturalists.

Outside of East Africa, its two most prevalent clades are E-M81 (referred to as the "Berber marker"), which reaches frequencies of up to 80% in North Africa, and E-M78α, which has its highest frequencies in southeastern Europe (up to 30%) but is found throughout the continent, marking a recent expansion from the Balkan Peninsula.

Discussion

Links

• Arredi et al. (2004) A Predominantly Neolithic Origin for Y-Chromosomal DNA Variation in North Africa
• Cruciani et al. (2004) Phylogeographic Analysis of Haplogroup E3b (E-M215) Y Chromosomes Reveals Multiple Migratory Events Within and Out Of Africa
• Luis et al. (2004) The Levant versus the Horn of Africa: Evidence for Bidirectional Corridors of Human Migrations
• Rosser et al. (2000) Y-Chromosomal Diversity in Europe Is Clinal and Influenced Primarily by Geography, Rather than by Language

Attribution

• This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Haplogroup E3b (Y-DNA)".