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NP047 Genoma DermaTAGS: ANTIOXIDANTS/HERBAL FORMULAS | DERMATOLOGYLIPID SUPPORT | MUSCULOSKELETAL Skin support and mitigation of advanced glycation end products INTRODUCTION Genoma Derma formulated from well-researched botanicals, amino acids and the flavonoid, resveratrol supports the body’s natural ability to maintain healthy skin. It also may have anti-glycation end product effects as well. DESCRIPTION/ BACKGROUND L-lysine (from L-Lysine HCL). An essential amino acid, which means that it is necessary for human health but cannot be made by the body. For this reason, lysine must be obtained from food. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein. Lysine is important for proper growth, and it plays an essential role in the production of carnitine, a nutrient responsible for converting fatty acids into energy and helping to lower cholesterol. Lysine appears to help the body absorb and conserve calcium, and it plays an important role in the formation of collagen, a substance important for bones and connective tissues including skin, tendon, and cartilage. (1) Lysine can undergo post-translational modification in protein molecules, often by methylation or acetylation. Collagen contains hydroxylysine, which is derived from lysine. People with viral diseases can benefit from a diet high in l-Lysine and low in arginine. (2) L-Lysine is utilized by the body in building new tissue. It also helps the body’s protective substances such as enzymes and antibodies. The body’s natural defense system is called the “Immune Response”. Whenever herpes attacks the immune system, the body fights back against this menace. As the battle grows more intense, there are heavy losses by both the herpes virus and the immune system. (3) Grape Seed Extract (from Vitis vinifera, contains 95% anthocyanidins). Helps maintain healthy vascular tissue by increasing the structural strength of weakened blood vessels. Grape seeds are typically obtained as a by-product of the manufacturing of wine. Constituents called oligomeric proanthocyanidins (OPCs) or procyanidins may have pharmacological effects. OPC is also one of the most potent antioxidants known. OPC’s can help neutralize the underlying chemical cause (free radicals) that promotes most diseases. Preliminary evidence also suggests grape seed proanthocyanidins may provide greater protection against reactive oxygen species, free radical-induced lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage than the combination of vitamin E, vitamin C, and beta-carotene or a combination of vitamin E and vitamin C. (9) Grape seed proanthocyanidins seem to inhibit the cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) enzyme, which might protect normal cells against drug and chemical-induced toxicity. OPCs are also thought to inhibit the proteolytic enzymes collagenase, elastase, hyaluronidase, and beta glucuronidase, which are involved in the breakdown of structural components of the vasculature and skin. (10) Grape seeds also contain catechin, which preclinical research suggests might inhibit allergen induced histamine release from mast cells. (11) Alpha Lipoic Acid. Enhances proper insulin sensitivity Lipoic Acid is found inside every cell of the body, where it helps generate the energy that keeps us alive and functioning. Lipoic acid is a key part of the metabolic machinery that turns glucose (blood sugar) into energy for the body’s needs. Lipoic acid is an antioxidant, which means that it neutralizes naturally occurring, but harmful, chemicals known as free radicals. Alpha-lipoic acid was identified as a vitamin when it was isolated 50 years ago but was reclassified upon the finding that it is synthesized in humans and animals (12). Endogenous alpha-lipoic acid is a coenzyme that, together with pyrophosphatase, is involved in carbohydrate metabolism and production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Exogenous alpha-lipoic acid and the metabolite, dihydrolipoic acid (DHLA), have antioxidant activity and can scavenge free radicals both intra- and extra-cellularly. (13) Alpha-lipoic acid is both water and fat soluble and can regenerate endogenous antioxidants, such as vitamin E, vitamin C, and glutathione, and prevent oxidative damage. (14, 15) Alpha-lipoic acid is about 30% absorbed from dietary or supplemental sources, and is reduced to DHLA in many tissues. (16) Yerba Matte Extract (from Ilex paraguariensis Leaf). Yerba Matte otherwise known as St. Hilaire (Aquifoliaceae) (“Mate” or “Yerba mate”) is one of the most commercialized plants of South America, which grows naturally in Northeast Argentina, Uruguay, Southeast Brazil and Eastern Paraguay, where it is also cultivated. It is used to prepare a tea-like beverage (infusions or decoctions) appreciated for its peculiar flavor, stimulation and nutritional properties. Yerba mate has been shown to be a good dietary source of nutrients which help promote the healthy removal of tissue-aging glycation end products. Chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid are the main substances responsible for the anti-glycation effect of mateĢ tea. Yerba Mate has been shown to be hypocholesterolemic, hepatoprotective, central nervous system stimulant, diuretic, and to benefit the cardiovascular system. It has also been suggested for obesity management. Yerba Mate protects DNA from oxidation and in vitro low-density lipoprotein lipoperoxidation and has a high antioxidant capacity. It has also been reported that Yerba Mate tea is associated with the prevention of some types of cancers. (20) L-Carnosine. Carnosine is a small molecule composed of the amino acids histidine and alanine. Carnosine is found in relatively high concentrations in several body tissues—most notably in skeletal muscle, heart muscle, nerve tissue and brain. Studies indicate that carnosine has antioxidant potential. Carnosine has been called a longevity nutrient since laboratory studies indicate that it can delay glycation damage and tissue senescence and provoke cellular rejuvenation. A powerful amino acid that inhibits the aging process and rejuvenates skin cells as it is a potent anti-oxidant. Additionally, it slows down the effects of glycation, which contributes to premature aging of the skin. (21) trans-Resveratrol (from Polygonum cuspidatum Root). Resveratrol is an antioxidant derived from red wine. Resveratrol has been studied for its ability to help the body better control the aging process. Researchers at the Harvard Medical School and the National Institute on Aging report that a natural substance found in red wine, known as resveratrol, offsets the bad effects of a high-calorie diet in mice and significantly extends their lifespan. Polygonum cuspidatum, a member of the buckwheat family, contains resveratrol, which has been shown to demonstrate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity when associated with the occasional joint pain and stiffness resulting from normal wear and tear on joints.
TABLE 1: Key agents in Genoma Derma. An essential amino acid (protein building block), lysine also helps the body maintain proper muscle strength, allows the body to have a balanced amino acid profile. Lysine is an amino acid with a pharmacological use much more specific than that of most other amino acids. So far, supplementation of l-lysine is one of the best options available for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections, especially oral forms. The medicinal and nutritional value of grapes (Vitis vinifera) has been heralded for thousands of years. Egyptians consumed this fruit at least 6,000 years ago, and several ancient Greek philosophers praised the healing power of grapes—usually in the form of wine. European folk healers developed an ointment from the sap of grapevines to cure skin and eye diseases. Among other beneficial effects, the active compounds in grape seed are believed to have antioxidant properties. In fact, a recent study of healthy volunteers found that supplementation with grape seed extract substantially increased levels of antioxidants in the blood. Antioxidants are substances that destroy free radicals—damaging compounds in the body that alter cell membranes, tamper with DNA (genetic material), and even cause cell death. Free radicals occur naturally in the body, but environmental toxins (including ultraviolet light, radiation, smoke, certain prescription and non-prescription drugs, and air pollution) can also increase the number of these damaging particles. Free radicals are believed to contribute to the aging process as well as the development of a number of health problems, including heart disease and cancer. Antioxidants found in grape seeds can neutralize free radicals and may reduce or even help prevent some of the damage they cause. Preliminary data suggests that the antioxidant effects of alpha-lipoic acid might provide protection in cerebral ischemia, excitotoxic amino acid brain injury, mitochondrial dysfunction, diabetes, diabetic neuropathy, and other causes of damage to brain or neural tissue. (17) In experimental diabetic models, alpha-lipoic acid increases neuronal blood flow, improves neuronal glucose uptake, increases amounts of reduced glutathione in neurons, and improves neuronal conduction velocity. (18, 19) Alpha-lipoic acid is an antioxidant that is made by the body and is found in every cell, where it helps turn glucose into energy. Alpha-lipoic acid is unique in several ways. Unlike other antioxidants, which work only in water (such as vitamin C) or fatty tissues (such as vitamin E), alpha-lipoic acid is both fat- and water-soluble. That means it can work throughout the body. In addition, antioxidants are depleted as they attack free radicals, but evidence suggests alpha-lipoic acid may help to regenerate these other antioxidants and make them active again. In the cells of the body, alpha-lipoic acid is converted into dihydrolipoic acid. The Amazon herb Yerba mate contains theobromine, the mood-lifting xanthine also present in chocolate, helps to naturally enhance one’s mood. Yerba mate is in extensive use in South America as a coffee substitute to enhance sustained energy, appetite control and mental clarity. Yerba Mate is also one of the best herbs at keeping tissue glycation at healthy levels. Carnosine can oppose glycation and it can chelate divalent metal ions. Chronic glycolysis is suspected to accelerate aging. Because of its antioxidant, antiglycation and metal chelation properties, carnosine supplements have been proposed as a general anti-aging therapy. Researchers in Britain, South Korea, Russia and other countries have shown that carnosine has a number of antioxidant properties that may be beneficial. Carnosine has been proven to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) as well as alpha-beta unsaturated aldehydes formed from peroxidation of cell membrane fatty acids during oxidative stress. Resveratrol is another of grape’s healthful compounds, which are related to procyanidins and found mainly in the skins. Resveratrol has gained much popularity as an antioxidant supplement. (22, 23) It also may have anti-glycation end product effects as well. Found primarily in red wine and red grape skins. In a now-famous recent Harvard study, mice fed resveratrol were reported over time to be thinner and healthier with increased life-spans. Each capsule of Genoma Derma supplies a full 25 mg of Resveratrol, providing 50% trans-resveratrol compounds. This polyphenolic compound that exists in nature as cis- and trans- stereoisomers is primarily found in red wine, red grape skins, purple grape juice, and mulberries. A number of beneficial health effects, such as anti-cancer, anti-viral, neuroprotective, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory and lifeprolonging effects have been reported. (24) TYPICAL DOSAGE 1 capsule 2-4 times daily. Should always be taken with water, preferably after a meal. PRODUCT HISTORY REFERENCES
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